Otitis EXTERNA (Swimmer’s Ear)

Otitis externa, or swimmer’s ear, is an infection or inflammation of the outer ear canal, often caused by moisture, irritation, or bacteria. Symptoms include pain, itching, swelling, and discharge. It occurs when the ear’s protective barrier is compromised, allowing infection to develop. Treatment involves keeping the ear dry, cleaning it, and using medicated drops.

A. How to Prevent Otitis Externa

  • Avoid poking, scratching, or inserting foreign objects (e.g., cotton buds, towels) into your ear canal.

  • Keep ears dry: wear a tight-fitting swimming cap or ear plugs during water sports.

  • Dry your ears thoroughly after swimming or showering.

  • Remove and clean hearing aids each night.

B. How to Take Care of Otitis Externa

  • Keep the external ear canal as dry as possible.

  • Perform dry aural toilet to remove debris or discharge. This can be done by gently dry mopping the ear using rolled tissue spears every 6 hours until dry.

  • Use prescribed combination corticosteroid and antimicrobial ear drops after cleaning the ear.

    • After instilling drops, press the tragus (the small cartilage in front of the ear opening) gently for 30 seconds.

  • Take pain relief such as paracetamol or NSAIDs as needed.

  • Avoid water sports for at least 7–10 days.

  • Avoid using hearing aids or other hearing devices until pain and discharge have resolved.

C. When to Seek Further Review

  • No improvement after 48 hours of treatment.

  • Severe pain or complete blockage of the ear canal.

  • Fever or signs of infection spreading beyond the ear canal (e.g., swelling, redness of the outer ear, or tenderness around the ear).

  • If you have diabetes or a weakened immune system, and symptoms persist or worsen.

This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider for medical concerns or emergencies. Sources: Dermnet and eTG.